By Marc Chan, Cain Polidano, Lan Tong, Ha Vu, Roger Wilkins & Son Nguyen A key design issue for private retirement plans is their liquidity before retirement age. We estimate the effects of an Australian policy reform that reduced private pension liquidity through increases in the minimum access age by birthdate. Using administrative data and […]

By Valter Manuel Gomes Neto Brazil’s rapid demographic transition presents growing challenges for the sustainability, coverage, and adequacy of its pension system. Although the 2019 pension reform improved fiscal sustainability, population ageing and persistent labour informality continue to place pressure on pension financing and old-age income security. Drawing on existing research and policy evidence, this […]

By Vijay S. Limaye, Jaime Madrigano, Kim Knowlton, Shubhayu Saha, Chihuu Nguyen, & John Balbus Climate change adaptation has historically been defined narrowly, emphasizing actions such as built environment and early warning system improvements. The integration of social protection policies into climate change adaptation policies has the potential to reduce climate-health risks, but no prior […]

Asset-backed pensions have expanded substantially over the past two decades, complementing traditional pay-as-you-go schemes and strengthening the resilience of retirement systems, but governments should do more to promote the use of pension funds to meet the significant challenges of financing retirement, according to a new OECD report. Pensions Outlook 2026: Are We Saving Enough for […]

In March 2026, Fitch Ratings reported that the default rate among U.S. corporate borrowers of private credit hit a record high of 9.2 percent. Financial and legal experts focused on the risks to investors who put their money in private credit funds, especially funds structured as nontraded business development companies (BDCs). Notably, nontraded BDCs and […]

The proposed NPS Tatkal initiative is designed to bring India’s gig workers, freelancers, delivery partners and other informal workers into the pension system through a simpler digital process and contributions as small as ₹10. Announced by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) chairman S Raman at a Mumbai event, the proposal addresses a basic […]

What happens to an economy when the older population ages faster than the younger generation can replace them? Today, this question is not just a concern for a handful of developed economies; it is a major global issue. Due to this global baby bust, two-thirds of the world’s population now lives in countries below the […]