October 2026
23Oct

Marsh CFA Institute Global Pension Index 2026

By Marsh and CFA Institute Aging populations, shifting workforce dynamics, and heightened geopolitical uncertainty are reshaping the retirement landscape. Now in its 18th edition, the Marsh CFA Institute Global Pension Index provides an established tool for benchmarking and comparing the world's retirement income systems, offering a structured framework to help decision-makers navigate the challenges ahead with greater clarity and confidence. This year, the index benchmarks 55 pension systems worldwide with the addition of Dominican Republic, Kenya and Qatar – covering 66%...

October 23, 2026
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09Oct

The impact of pension on the health behavior of elderly rural residents: evidence from China

By Rui Li, Duanyang Gao & Yuying Yang Background Unhealthy behavior is an important factor threatening the health of older rural residents in China. We examine the effects of receiving pension on elderly rural residents’ health behavior (namely conscious control of sugar, salt, and edible oil intake, as well as learning health or wellness knowledge), also including effect heterogeneity by income level and gender. Methods Using China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS) in 2020, we used the policy rule of the...

October 9, 2026
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July 2026
03Jul

Pension Income and Post-Retirement Labor Supply

By Fabian Kindermann, Carla Krolage, Sebastian Kunz, Manuel Pannier & Karoline Ströhlein This paper provides causal evidence on how pension income affects labor supply after retirement. We exploit the introduction of the German Earned Income Pension Credit (Grundrente), which permanently increased pension income for retirees with long contribution histories and comparatively low lifetime earnings. The reform generates exogenous variation in non-labor income without creating additional labor supply distortions, allowing us to isolate pure income effects. Using administrative data covering the...

July 3, 2026
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April 2026
01Apr

Pension Adecuacy – June 2025

By Hargreaves Lansdown To provide insights into the nation's retirement resilience, the Hargreaves Lansdown Savings and Resilience Barometer includes the Pension Value indicator. This indicator evaluates the expected financial resilience of households in retirement. It does this by comparing their current pension savings against the level of saving needed to achieve a benchmark income in retirement. The Pension Value indicator is currently underpinned by the Pension and Lifetime Saving Association’s (PLSA) moderate living standard in retirement benchmark. However, there are a...

April 1, 2026
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January 2026
30Jan

The Bulgarian Pension System: Caught Between Adequacy And Sustainability

By Jean-Jacques Hallaert During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Bulgarian authorities increased pensions substantially to support pensioners’ living standards and aggregate demand. These increases have become permanent and improved the adequacy of pensions. However, not matched by revenue measures, they have widened the deficit of the pension system. Reforms that increase the incentives to contribute to the pension system and thus revenue would improve the financial sustainability of the pension system and reduce fiscal risks. Source SSRN

January 30, 2026
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23Jan

Artificial Intelligence and Retirement Planning

By John Cutler, J.D Any views and ideas expressed in the essay are the author’s alone and may not reflect the views and ideas of the Society of Actuaries, the Society of Actuaries Research Institute, Society of Actuaries members, nor the author’s employer. The premise for this essay is that retirees (and pre-retirees) are unlikely to have had experience with artificial intelligence (AI) to any great degree. If you think about most advanced technologies, individuals learn about them in the workplace...

January 23, 2026
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16Jan

Pension Wealth and the Timing of Retirement

By Jonas Maibom, Torben M. Andersen & Anne Katrine Borgbjerg We analyze how pension wealth influences retirement timing using 25 years of Danish administrative panel data on wealth and labor market status. Exploiting early-career variation in firm-specific mandatory pension contribution rates, we study labor supply decisions from age 55 onward. Greater pension wealth accelerates labor market exit: at age 63, the elasticity is about 0.3 — an additional 100,000 DKK (15,000 USD) at age 55 reduces earnings by 1% at...

January 16, 2026
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December 2025
05Dec

Adequacy and Sustainability of Pensions

By Commission European Pensions are the main source of income for older people in Europe, coming mostly from 'pay-as-you-go' public schemes. Retired people drawing a pension are a significant and — due to demographic ageing — a growing part of the EU population (about 124 million, or a quarter of the total population1). European pension systems are facing the dual challenge of remaining financially sustainable and being able to provide Europeans with an adequate income in retirement. The key purpose of...

December 5, 2025
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October 2025
31Oct

The Future of Retirement Security An International Comparison through the Lens of Adequacy, Sustainability, Equity and Plan Design

By Surya Kolluri, Catherine Reilly & David P. Richardson Countries around the world are considering and implementing reforms to their retirement systems for a variety of reasons, including increasing demographic and economic pressures. A key demographic driver is human longevity. For example, the average retiree can expect to spend about two decades in retirement, roughly double the time from 50 years ago. In the United States, life expectancy has risen by 17 years since the Social Security program debuted nearly 90...

October 31, 2025
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17Oct

Mercer CFA Institute Global Pension Index 2025

By Tim Jenkins, Nicola Mc Garel & Sarah Hudson The Mercer CFA Institute Global Pension Index benchmarks 52 retirement income systems worldwide, spotlighting both challenges and opportunities for policymakers and investors. This year’s index expands with Kuwait, Namibia, Oman, and Panama added, incorporates updated OECD data, and introduces new integrity measures for sharper insights. Systems are assessed across three pillars, adequacy, sustainability, and integrity, using more than 50 indicators. In 2025, the Netherlands, Iceland, Denmark, Singapore and Israel all achieved...

October 17, 2025
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