April 2025

The New Baby Boom: How the White House is looking to jumpstart the nation’s birth rate

The Trump administration is reportedly fielding ideas for how to increase the declining U.S. birth rate, a longtime priority of White House figures like Vice President JD Vance and Elon Musk. Since 1990 the U.S. total fertility rate has declined from 2.1 births per woman – enough to fully replace the current population – to 1.62 births per woman in 2023, below the replacement level, according to a March report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, part of a larger decline in birth rates in wealthy peer countries. Experts point...

Retirement in the USA: The Outlook of the Workforce 25th Annual Transamerica Retirement Survey

By Transamerica Institute Retirement in the USA: The Outlook of the Workforce, a collaboration between Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies (TCRS) and Transamerica Institute, delves into the retirement prospects of the U.S. workforce including workers who are employed by others, self-employed workers, and workers who are unemployed but looking for work. Based on a survey of more than 6,100 members of the workforce, the report delves into their life priorities and outlook, personal finances, retirement expectations, and how they are saving,...

Older Workers Face New Risks because of the COVID-19 Recession

By Siavash Radpour, Aida Farmand & Teresa Ghilarducci For the large cohort of older workers, the significant difference between the COVID-19 recession and previous ones is the combined effect of the economic recession and the health risks of the COVID-19 outbreak. Older workers are facing the high health risks of working during a pandemic, on the one hand, as well as the risk of losing their jobs, on the other hand, which can lead to significantly lower wages in the...

US pension funds pay the price for tariff turmoil

PitchBook’s recently released pension fund tracker shows that the top 50 US funds returned an average 7.4% over the past ten years. There is very little dispersion around that figure, with the best performer, the US$205 billion Washington State Investment Board achieving 8.9%, and the worst, the $123 billion North Carolina Retirement Systems, achieving 5.5%. The one-year data, however, looks far better, with an average return of 10.8%. The California Public Employees' Retirement System, the top fund with some $341.4...

US.Cambia la jubilación en todo el país: cómo cumplir con el nuevo trámite obligatorio paso a paso

La Administración del Seguro Social (SSA) anunció un nuevo requisito obligatorio para quienes deseen solicitar los beneficios por jubilación del Seguro Social. Según lo informado por la agencia federal, el trámite para solicitar la jubilación desde hoy 14 de abril cambiará para todo el país con el objetivo de reforzar las medidas de seguridad, exigiendo que los adultos mayores cumplan con la nueva disposición de manera obligatoria. Aunque inicialmente las condiciones actualizadas del proceso aplicaban a todos los potenciales beneficiarios de las prestaciones de...

US. The Real Retirement Crisis

Not long ago, I picked up a book that states “why (almost) everything you know about the US retirement system is wrong” — and it’s definitely worth a read. The book — entitled The Real Retirement Crisis: Why (Almost) Everything You Know About the US Retirement System Is Wrong — is the work of American Enterprise Institute senior fellow Andrew Biggs — and it’s a comprehensive assessment of any number of the misstatements, mischaracterizations, flawed assumptions and downright obfuscations that plague any...

US, Beyond the 401(k): 3 Strategies To Retire Comfortably and Still Leave Money Behind

For many Americans, having a plan to leave money for their loved ones is a priority. According to a recent Empower survey, 40% of Americans say that leaving an inheritance for their children is part of having a happy retirement. If this is one of your financial goals, you’ll likely need to look beyond your 401(k) to ensure you can save for your retirement and still have money left over. Here are three strategies you should consider to help you build a financial legacy. Diversify Your...

The Social Security Retirement Age

By Congressional Research Service The Social Security full retirement age (FRA) is the age at which workers can first claim full (i.e., unreduced) Social Security retired-worker benefits.1 Among other factors, the age at which an individual begins receiving Social Security benefits has an impact on the size of the monthly benefits. Claiming benefits before the FRA can substantially reduce monthly benefits, whereas claiming benefits after the FRA can lead to a substantial increase in monthly benefits. Benefit adjustments are made...

Unequal Inflationary Effects of Tariffs across Socio-Demographic Groups

By Hakan Yilmazkuday This paper investigates the heterogeneous effects of U.S. tariffs on inflation across socio-demographic groups, utilizing a structural vector autoregression model that controls for oil prices, output growth, policy rates, and exchange rates. The aggregate tariff pass-through to inflation is estimated at 0.51, with tariffs accounting for approximately 17% of overall inflation volatility. Disaggregated analysis reveals significant variation, where tariff pass-through ranges from 0.38 to 0.55 across income percentiles, with higher income groups experiencing greater pass-through and a...

Tariffs, Tokens, and Turmoil: The Market Fallout from Trump’s Policy Uncertainty

By David Krause This paper investigates the financial consequences of economic policy shifts following President Trump's second inauguration in January 2025. Using empirical data from April 2024 through April 7, 2025, this study assesses asset performance across U.S. equities, cryptocurrencies, gold, and bonds. The administration's aggressive trade protectionism, ambiguous digital asset directives, and deregulatory approach to artificial intelligence have triggered heightened market volatility, diminished investor confidence, and a rotation toward defensive assets. Indexed returns reveal that traditional safe havens like...