February 2025
26Feb

UK. U-turn shows pitfalls of unpicking pensions triple-lock

A pensions timebomb is ticking on the Isle of Man and the self-governing island off the UK's west coast came very close to defusing it last week. Like the UK, the island protects state pensions with the triple lock, which automatically increases the state pension each year by the maximum of three measures: price inflation, average earnings or 2.5%. The Isle of Man's government wanted to scrap the triple lock for some pensioners in its budget last week. But ministers were forced...

February 26, 2025
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14Feb

Pensions vs earnings across Europe: The highest and lowest comparisons

Pensions in the EU amount to some three-fifths of late-career work income. In many European countries, this rate falls below 50%, making it increasingly challenging for pensioners to maintain a decent standard of living. In many European countries, pension income is significantly lower than pre-retirement earnings from work. This makes it difficult for many older people to maintain their standard of living after retirement. Nearly one in six pensioners are at the risk-of-poverty in the EU, with the rate increasing...

February 14, 2025
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12Feb

Poverty hits older adults harder in fast-aging society

Kim Young-soon, an office cleaner in her early 70s, says she grapples with high costs of living as her disposable income has been decreasing in recent years. Disposable income refers to the amount of money that is left for personal expenses and savings, after taxes, insurance, interest and other payments. “The employer would not hike my salaries, due to the high vacancy rate of office buildings amid the sluggish economic growth,” Kim said, adding she is financially distressed with high borrowing...

February 12, 2025
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11Feb

Greece. Pension boost for working retirees

Thousands of Greek retirees who continue working are seeing an increase in their pensions, as the country’s social security fund (EFKA) has started issuing adjusted payments. To prevent these new pensions from facing higher deductions under the Solidarity Contribution for Pensioners (EAS), the Ministry of Labor and Social Security is preparing a legislative amendment that could soon be introduced in Parliament. According to sources, the proposed amendment ensures that if a retiree’s primary pension is already subject to the EAS, the...

February 11, 2025
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07Feb

Places versus People: The Ins and Outs of Labor Market Adjustment to Globalization

By David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Maggie R. Jones & Bradley Setzler This chapter analyzes the distinct adjustment paths of U.S. labor markets (places) and U.S. workers (people) to increased Chinese import competition during the 2000s. Using comprehensive register data for 2000–2019, we document that employment levels more than fully rebound in trade-exposed places after 2010, while employment-to-population ratios remain depressed and manufacturing employment further atrophies. The adjustment of places to trade shocks is generational: affected areas recover primarily by adding workers to...

February 7, 2025
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January 2025
31Jan

NIRS’ Pensionomics 2025 Report

By Andrew Clark Earlier this month, the National Institute on Retirement Security (NIRS) released its bi-annual Pensionomics report, which details how spending from defined-benefit pensions boosts economies in communities nationwide and continues to be a reliable economic driver for millions of people. The report examines the impact of pensions on local economies nationwide by calculating the benefits paid to retirees and the subsequent spending generated by these benefits. This analysis includes tax revenue and local expenditures, which stimulate the broader economy, leading...

January 31, 2025
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31Jan

Financial Inclusion Across the United States

By Motohiro Yogo, Andrew Whitten & Natalie Cox We study retirement and bank account participation for the universe of U.S. households with a member aged 50 to 59 in the administrative tax data. ZCTA-level average income, income inequality, and racial composition predict retirement account participation for low-income households, conditional on household income and regional price parities. Income inequality also predicts bank account participation for low-income households. We estimate the causal effect of access to an employer retirement plan on participation. Recent policy proposals...

January 31, 2025
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24Jan

Australia. Avoiding the retirement poverty trap

More than one fifth of Australian retirees live in poverty, according to a recent report by the left-leaning think-tank, The Australia Institute. The Reducing poverty in retirement report compares the poverty rate of people aged 65 and over between Australia, Sweden, and Norway, which are nations with comparable GDPs. It concludes that the public pension systems in Sweden and Norway ensure retirement security while Australia’s system does not. The rate of poverty in retirement in Australia is 22.6% – more than one in five. In...

January 24, 2025
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17Jan

Adequacy of future retirement incomes: new evidence for private sector employees

By Jonathan Cribb, Laurence O'Brien & David Sturrock This report takes a fresh look at the prospects for the future of retirement incomes for employees in the UK. Since the Pensions Commission reported around 20 years ago, much has changed in the economic and pensions policy environment. While the introduction of automatic enrolment has been in many respects a great policy success – and the level and coverage of the flat-rate component of the state pension have increased markedly – lower-than-expected...

January 17, 2025
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17Jan

Pension reform and wealth inequality: Theory and evidence

By Torben M. Andersen, Joydeep Bhattacharya, Anna Grodecka-Messi & Katja Mann A growing literature explores reasons for rising wealth inequality, but is mostly silent on the role of pension systems despite their well-understood influence on life-cycle savings. This paper develops a simple life-cycle model to lay bare the primary theoretical mechanisms connecting pension systems, asset accumulation, and the wealth distribution. Mandated fully-funded plans transform individuals with lower incomes, often characterized as low savers, into asset owners, and may also imply...

January 17, 2025
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