February 2025

Lithuania’s planned second pillar reforms alarm pensions industry

Proposed changes to Lithuania’s quasi-mandatory second pillar pensions system have been widely criticised as a threat to the system as a whole. The government – a coalition led by the centre-left Social Democrats – said the aim is to increase the attractiveness and flexibility of the second pillar, ensure the voluntary involvement of participants and employers, and balance financial incentives. At present, there is automatic enrolment, with a limited ability to opt out. The changes include abolishing auto-enrolment, instead encouraging the public to...

Kenya. Tax reforms usher in new era of retirement security

Kenyans can now contribute more towards their pension without significantly reducing their disposable income following the passing of the Tax Laws (Amendment) Act 2024. The new reforms, which came into effect in December last year, signify a new era of retirement security with a focus on financial stability and healthcare planning, as discussed at a pension stakeholder workshop in Nairobi over the weekend. According to John Keah, the Assistant Director of Market Conduct and Industry Development at the Retirement Benefits Authority...

Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Effects of Reforms on Retirement Behavior

By Axel Börsch-Supan & Courtney Coile Employment among older men and women has increased dramatically in recent years, reversing a downward trend in the closing decades of the twentieth century. Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World examines how changing retirement incentives have reshaped labor force participation trends among older workers. The chapters feature country-specific analyses for Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. They find that while there is significant heterogeneity...

Chile’s Pension Reform Makes a Case for Political Compromise

Last week, Chile’s Congress broke a decade-long impasse and approved a pension reform, a flashpoint in Chilean politics. The green light represents a legislative victory for President Gabriel Boric in the last full year of his administration. However, while Boric can claim that his government will leave a meaningful legacy, he’s giving up a central point in his reform agenda: the elimination of the Pension Fund Administrators (AFPs). The approved reform differs significantly from the government’s initial proposal submitted in November 2022,...

Challenges and concerns surrounding China’s retirement age reform

By China Labour Bulletin China is currently grappling with a pressing demographic challenge, marked by record-low birth rates and low retirement ages, leading to a continuous decline in the working-age population. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the working-age population dropped to 61.3% in 2023, down from 62% the previous year. The shrinking workforce and ageing population are increasingly straining China’s pension system. Current projections indicate that, without intervention, the social security system’s resources will be depleted by 2035. In response to...

January 2025

Allianz Global Pension Report 2025: Time to walk the talk

By Allianz Research  Allianz published the third edition of its “Global Pension Report”, which analyzes 71 pension systems around the globe with the help of the company's own “Allianz Pension Index” (API). The indicator consists of three pillars: analysis of the demographic and fiscal situation, and an assessment of the sustainability (e.g. financing and contribution periods) and adequacy (e.g. coverage and pension levels) of the pension system. A total of 40 parameters are taken into account, with scores between 1...

Chilean Senate approves pension reform

After a debate of almost 10 hours, followed from the stands by social organizations, the upper house adopted the initiative early this morning by 40 votes in favor and only seven against. “We have been able to build a path of agreements and respect for the word given,” said the Minister of Labor and promoter of the proposal, Jeannette Jara, who pointed out that the project will benefit more than three million people. Senator Isabel Allende, of the Socialist Party, highlighted...

Ukraine tackles world’s fastest aging population with drastic pension overhaul

As Russia’s war takes its toll on Ukraine’s military-capable population, the country faces a ticking demographic time bomb that is forcing the adoption of unpopular decisions. Ukraine’s dwindling adult population can no longer sustain a solidarity pension system, in which each working adult supports one pensioner — a ratio that could be one of the highest in the world. Each adult will now maintain their own pension fund account to supplement the very basic state social assistance. This step, the...

Kenya. NSSF commits to reforms including expedited processing of benefits

National Social Security Fund (NSSF) has announced the launch of several new initiatives targeting workers across various sectors of the economy in a bid to improve social security coverage and financial inclusion. The NSSF, which plays a vital role in providing social security to the workforce, said if was impelementing reforms aimed at expanding its coverage, increasing transparency, and promoting financial literacy among contributors. These changes are part of a broader effort to modernize the social security system and make it...

Retirement Consumption and Pension Design

By Jonas Kolsrud, Camille Landais, Daniel Reck & Johannes Spinnewijn This paper analyzes consumption to evaluate the distributional effects of pension reforms. Using Swedish administrative data, we show that on average workers who retire earlier consume less while retired and experience larger drops in consumption around retirement. Interpreted via a theoretical model, these findings imply that reforms incentivizing later retirement incur a substantial consumption-smoothing cost. Turning to other features of pension policy, we find that reforms that redistribute based on...