November 2019

How Much Should the Poor Save for Retirement? Data and Simulations on Retirement Income Adequacy Among Low-Earning Households

By Andrew G. Biggs Both policymakers and members of the public are concerned regarding the adequacy of U.S. households’ retirement savings. In response, proposals have been made to expand Social Security benefits and to establish state government-run retirement plans for private sector employees. In both cases, the largest effects would be on low-earning households, who currently have low rates of retirement plan coverage and participation and who rely heavily upon Social Security benefits in retirement. However, there has been...

Digitization and Automation: Firm Investment and Labor Outcomes

By Michał Zator AI, automation and other digital technologies are thought to be transforming the economy, but the empirical evidence on their diffusion and impact is scarce. This paper uses new firm-level administrative data from Germany to analyze causes and consequences of firms' investment in the new technology - digitization and automation. Main results characterize relationship of technology and labor: (1) investment in technology is typically increased by labor scarcity; (2) new technologies typically reduce employment. Both results hide...

La OCDE recomendó a México incluir a freelancers en nueva reforma de pensiones

La Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) le pidió al gobierno de México considerar a los trabajadores independientes o freelancers en una futura reforma de pensiones, a fin de que se les garantice una jubilación. El organismo señaló la urgencia de reformar el sistema de pensiones de todos los gobiernos a fin de que se garantice que “la creciente proporción de trabajadores en empleos temporales o de medio tiempo puedan contribuir lo suficiente durante sus vidas...

Chile. Las AFP: ¿Cómo funciona el cuestionado sistema de pensiones chileno?

Las Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones (AFP) de Chile fueron creadas en 1981, bajo la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet. En ese entonces, José Piñera -hermano del actual presidente, Sebastián Piñera-, quien en ese entonces era ministro del Trabajo y Previsión Social, propuso un nuevo sistema privado de pensiones. Si bien ha sido reformado en otros gobiernos, este sigue siendo cuestionado debido al resultado de pensiones bajas. En el 2000, el periódico El Mercurio, publicó un artículo donde diferentes...

España. Economía buscará el consenso de todos los partidos para diseñar grandes reformas como las pensiones

97 medidas son el resultado de año y medio de Gobierno de Sánchez. Pese a estar en minoría, sin Presupuestos y seis meses en funciones, ha logrado subir el SMI, elevar cotizaciones, mejorar prestaciones y becas y fomentar la transición ecológica. Economía hace balance y cree que las reformas pendientes se pueden sacar adelante con grandes pactos de todos los partidos. Entre ellas destacan las pensiones o acabar con la temporalidad abusiva. En plena fragmentación política, fuentes del ministerio...

México. Prevén fuerte baja de comisiones que cobran las Afore

La Comisión Nacional del Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro (Consar) prevé una importante reducción en el cobro de comisiones de las Afore para 2020, que actualmente se discute al interior del organismo y que espera darse a conocer en la primera quincena de diciembre. Actualmente, las 10 administradoras que operan en México cobran en promedio una comisión de 0.98% y, desde julio pasado, el presidente de la Consar, Abraham Vela, puso sobre la mesa la posibilidad de que...

ECB chief Economist says ageing populations are depressing interest rates

European Central Bank chief economist Philip Lane told business leaders in Dublin that ageing populations were contributing to downward pressure on underlying real interest rates, which have been around zero or in negative territory in the euro zone in recent years. Read also Countries should strengthen pension systems to adapt to changing world of work “In terms of magnitude, a wide range of estimates suggest that the downward impact on equilibrium real rates from slowing population growth and...

Pension reform in France ‘a response to gilets jaunes’

Controversial pension reforms in France are a direct result of the gilets jaunes' protests, government spokesperson Sibeth Ndiaye has said, prompting outrage from political opponents on social media "This reform is one of the responses to the gilets jaunes' crisis. It is above all one of the responses to the significant injustices that exist in our country," Ms Ndiaye told Franceinfo. The government's pension reform project is still the subject of consultation between the government, unions and employers, and...

South Africa: Ex-Mineworkers Dig Against the Odds for Their Unpaid Pensions

The leaders of an ex-mineworkers association in Khayelitsha have spent the past decade trying to track down the unpaid pension benefits deducted from their wages without their knowledge or consent. While the mining companies sit pretty , ex-mineworkers continue to live hand to mouth with painful memories of a life made invisible. Now, they demand to be seen by a government they feel has betrayed them. Every Friday for the past decade, Sphiwo William Casiwe has made his...

Australia. Supporting upskilling of dispersed workforce

Leadership, communication and collaboration are consistently seen as the top three skills people managers want and online training can help foster these skills, writes Scott Cooper. Almost a quarter of a million people are employed as direct care providers in Australia’s aged care sector. The government has estimated this number needs to increase two to three times by 2050 to look after the ageing population. At the same time, there’s already an urgent shortage of skills and highly-trained people...