October 2025
03Oct

A systematic review and meta-analysis of air pollution and increased risk of frailty

By Zahra Jafari, Melissa Andrew & Kenneth Rockwood Background Environmental air pollution is increasingly recognised as a potential contributor to frailty. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise existing evidence on the associations between environmental air pollution and frailty in middle-aged and older adults, providing insights into the impact of air pollution on public health. Methods The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement 2020. Four electronic databases were searched without...

October 3, 2025
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03Oct

Population Aging in ASEAN+3: But is 60 the New 40?

By Aruhan Rui Shi & Hongyan Zhao Population aging is becoming a significant concern, particularly as its pace accelerates, especially in emerging market economies. However, labeling all individuals aged 65 and above as elderly can be misleading and inaccurate when life expectancy is increasing. Therefore, using the prospective old-age dependency ratio to define what is elderly would allow for more precise measurements and facilitate research into the impact of aging on economic growth. Our findings suggest that while a negative...

October 3, 2025
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September 2025
26Sep

Aging, Alcohol, and Attrition: The Economic and Political Ramifications of Public Health in Contemporary Russia

By Andrew Kelmanson, Anonymous Author, Emily Sehati, Eliana Svilik, Kyle H. Chan, Marcus Hsieh & Will Pirone The Russo-Ukrainian War has exacerbated several of the country’s existing public health crises. Specifically, this paper identifies 3 areas of public health concern that are inflamed by the conflict in Ukraine that will likely have an outsized effect on the economic success and political legitimacy of the country in the coming years. These are, namely, alcohol addiction, an aging population, and attrition from...

September 26, 2025
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26Sep

Has Population Aging Led to Strategic Shifts in Enterprises?

By Hanteng Li, Yun Qin & Yuhang Wang  This paper uses Chinese listed companies from 2009 to 2023 as a sample to systematically examine the impact pathways and mechanisms through which population aging influences corporate strategic transformation. The study finds a significant positive relationship between population aging and corporate strategic transformation, and this conclusion remains robust under multiple sensitivity tests. Further analysis of moderating effects indicates that a firm’s innovation capability plays an important moderating role in the relationship between...

September 26, 2025
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05Sep

Mortality and the Provision of Retirement Income

By Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development This report analyses the development of mortality assumptions to build mortality tables to better protect retirement income provision. Mortality assumptions are necessary to ensure the sustainability of lifetime incomes. It explores considerations and traditional approaches for developing mortality tables, as well as provides an international overview of longevity trends and drivers over the last several decades, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report also details the standard mortality tables developed across...

September 5, 2025
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August 2025
08Aug

Rejuvenating Economics: Subjective Age’s Influence on Work-Life Balance

By Andre Briviba, Valentin Schnellmann & Bruno S. Frey Chronological age is a key indicator in economics, determining policy decisions such as the retirement age and the minimum voting age. The concept of subjective age, extensively studied by gerontologists and psychologists, may be particularly relevant to economic decision-making. Using panel data from German adults aged 40–65 and individual fixed-effects estimations, we investigate the effect of subjective age on work and life satisfaction. Furthermore, we estimate the impact of subjective age...

August 8, 2025
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01Aug

The Path to 2075 — The Positive Story of Global Aging (Daly/Njie/Allen)

By Jan Hatzius, Joseph Briggs, Kevin Daly, Johan Allen, Sarah Dong & Megan Peters The global population is aging, driven by a combination of increased longevity and declining fertility. This phenomenon is most pronounced in developed (DM) economies, where the ‘working-age ratio’ (ages 15-64) has already decreased from 67% in 2000 to 63%, and is projected to fall to 57% by 2075. In emerging economies, the 15-64 share is close to a peak (66%) and is expected to decline to...

August 1, 2025
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01Aug

Extending Healthspans in an Aging World

By Stephen P. Utkus & Olivia S. Mitchell Extensions in human longevity are prompting a growing interest in maximizing healthspan, or the number of years of life unencumbered by the chronic diseases of old age. This chapter reviews recent research on healthy life extension, including several measures and determinants of longer healthspans. We also provide an overview of recent efforts by medical and business enterprises to enhance longevity and healthspan, followed by a discussion of policy and workplace options to...

August 1, 2025
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July 2025
25Jul

Population Aging and Financial Stability: An Empirical Analysis

By Hun Jang This study empirically examines the impact of population aging on financial stability. Constructing an unbalanced panel of 7,148 banks across 38 OECD countries over 27 years, we find that deeper demographic aging undermines banks’ capital adequacy and lowers their Z-Scores, thereby exerting a negative effect on financial stability. These adverse effects arise because slower growth, higher interest-expense burdens, and compressed net interest margins erode profitability, prompting banks to loosen risk standards in an effort to offset mounting...

July 25, 2025
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11Jul

Global Aging and Growth: Is There a Silver Dividend?

By Donghyun Park & Kwanho Shin Despite concerns about the economic impact of population aging, this study highlights the potential for a 'silver dividend' as longer lifespans extend working lives. We show that the effects of aging on growth are highly nonlinear and concentrated in more advanced, older economies. Labor shortages are often offset by rising labor force participation, particularly in countries with higher life expectancy, stronger human capital, and greater trade openness. Larger governments, measured by consumption, appear to...

July 11, 2025
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