November 2025

The Offshoring of America’s Retirement Savings

Private equity firms and other alternative asset managers — including Ares Management Corp., Blackstone Inc., Brookfield Corp. and KKR & Co. — are reshaping the once-staid world of life insurance. Over the past decade, they’ve bought, built or partnered with insurers that sell policies and annuities, collectively commanding hundreds of billions of dollars. In a previous era, life insurers parked their money in the safest corners of the market — mostly high-grade bonds and big-name stocks. But as Wall Street...

UK Pensions briefing | Government gives the green light to major collective DC expansion

The Government has published a response to its October 2024 consultation on the extension of the collective defined contribution (CDC) scheme regime to unconnected employers. It has also published and laid before Parliament final draft regulations which are due to come into force on July 31, 2026. In addition, it has published a consultation paper on “Retirement CDC” schemes offering a default income solution for members at retirement. The consultation closes on December 4, 2025. What are CDC schemes? In a CDC scheme, employers’ and members’...

Germany’s Merz confronts conservative rebellion over pension reform

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz is facing rising opposition — but this time it’s from within his own conservative ranks. A group of 18 young lawmakers in Merz’s conservative bloc are threatening to stop a pension reform bill put forth by the chancellor’s coalition government, arguing the benefits pledged in the agreement aren’t sustainable and “cannot be justified to the younger generation.” The revolt has turned into a test of Merz’s authority and the durability of his relatively weak government — a coalition between...

ILO Advances Its Work on Social Protection in Ukraine, Supporting the Country’s Ongoing Pension Reform

The ILO team engaged in constructive dialogue with Ukrainian partners. A key discussion took place with Denys Ulutin, Minister of Social Policy, Family and Unity, who shared the Government’s approach to building a system that is resilient and forward-looking. The goal of the policies we are working on is a contemporary, sustainable system that supports people and the economy. It is not only about benefits, but also about creating conditions for development. Denys Ulutin, Minister of Social Policy, Family and Unity...

UK. Most over-50s factoring risk into pension decisions

Research findings around pensions often emphasise the need for people to save and engage more with their pots and retirement planning. Savers not setting aside enough or having little knowledge of pensions are some of the conclusions that such surveys and analyses often draw attention to. Research from Aviva this year, for example, found a notable gap between levels of perceived and actual knowledge around pensions. While more than half of people (53 per cent) described themselves as knowledgeable about pensions, only a third...

China. Long-term capital vital for pension system

BlackRock CCB Wealth Management and China Construction Bank have called for stronger long-term capital support to drive China's pension finance sector, highlighting in a recently released white paper that a stable and transparent capital market is vital for promoting long-term investment, building wealth and ensuring a resilient pension system. By the end of 2024, the total size of China's three-pillar pension system reached 15.66 trillion yuan ($2.2 trillion), accounting for less than 12 percent of GDP, indicating vast room for...

Italy, France and Belgium carry most worrying debts in EU, top bank says

Italy, France and Belgium have the most concerning debt-sustainability outlooks in the EU, according to the latest study published by the National Bank of Belgium. The analysis published today found that Italy, France and Belgium are the most fragile economies in Europe when it comes to government debt. They already carry some of the heaviest debt loads in the European Union, and their problems are made worse by rapid population ageing and rising pension costs. Koen De Leus, chief economist at BNP...

U.K. to keep voluntary pensions system

Employers in the United Kingdom could be forced to make mandatory contributions to occupational pension plans unless they do more to encourage employees to contribute to the current voluntary system, a government appointed task force says. The Employer Task Force on Pensions, which was established in 2003 to advise the secretary of state for Work and Pensions, last week published a report recommending that the current system of voluntary contributions to occupational pension plans be maintained. But Sir Peter Davis, chairman...

Vanguard Introduces How America Retires, Analyzing America’s Retirement Revolution

Vanguard introduces the inaugural How America Retires report, a companion to How America Saves, that analyzes Vanguard retirement plan data and industry trends, uncovering insights into the behaviors, decisions, and challenges faced by Americans in retirement. As defined contribution (DC) plans continue to dominate the retirement landscape, How America Retires explores income-generation strategies in retirement and the critical role 401(k) plan design plays in shaping retiree outcomes. With more than four million Americans turning 65 this year1 and significant progress...

Precarious, Poorly Paid, and Unprotected: The ILO’s Definition of the Informal Economy

The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines informal employment as work “in small or unregistered businesses and undeclared jobs within registered firms,” under a definition adopted by the 17th International Conference of Labour Statisticians in 2013. While such jobs often provide quick income and greater flexibility, they are usually unstable, poorly paid, and lack basic protections such as health insurance or pensions. The ILO notes that informal employment is not limited to unregistered businesses. It can also occur within formal companies when...