January 2026
07Jan

Gender Pension Gap in Europe Averaged 22% in 2024

Women in Europe receive significantly lower pensions than men, with the average gap across 27 European countries standing at 22%, according to data from the OECD and Eurostat reported by Euronews Business. This means that, on average across Europe, women receive just EUR78 in pension income, whereas men receive EUR100. The gender pay gap is a related phenomenon, with women in the EU earning 12% less than men in 2023. However, the pension gap is wider. In 2024, the gender...

January 7, 2026
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December 2025
02Dec

India. How Atal Pension Yojana is helping women claim long-term pension security

For millions of women who have spent lifetimes in unpaid labour or informal work, the idea of a guaranteed pension was once unimaginable. Today, they form 48% of all Atal Pension Yojana (APY) subscribers in India, reshaping a scheme designed for the country’s most vulnerable workers, according to a Lok Sabha reply on the scheme dated December 1. Launched by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) in 2015, Atal Pension Yojana is a government-backed pension scheme aimed primarily...

December 2, 2025
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November 2025
28Nov

Retirement Planning among Female Workforce in Malaysia and China

By Jing Yuan, Kim Mee Chong, Ivy Siaw Hung Hii & Hao Lun Li A phenomenon has emerged whereby the life expectancy of women is 74.2 years, and men's is 69.8 years. Hence, it is crucial to encourage early retirement planning among women.  This study aims to explore the factors that influence retirement planning awareness and readiness among women in Malaysia and China. A self-administered online questionnaire was completed by 100 Malaysians and 200 Chinese. Using IBM SPSS and SmartPLS,...

November 28, 2025
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07Nov

Determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned enterprises: a case study of the informal sector

By Faizan Khan Sherwani, Sanaa Zafar Shaikh, Shilpa Behal & Mohd Shuaib Siddiqui The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises in India. The study is based on a primary survey of 321 informal enterprises. The data has been collected through a structured questionnaire. A chi-square test has been used to examine the significant association between the characteristics of informal enterprises and their owners and financial inclusion. A logistic regression model...

November 7, 2025
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September 2025
05Sep

Global warning: solving pensions gaps around the world

From gender gaps to vulnerable workers, inadequate pensions are an issue the world over. What are countries doing about it? Around the world, many people are still without pension provision. Here, we explore this by looking at case studies of countries with significant coverage issues, and countries that are making changes to improve coverage. Some of the major drivers and resulting effects of inadequate pension provision are: The gender pensions gap – Figure 1 shows the gender pensions gap in OECD countries....

September 5, 2025
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August 2025
21Aug

UK. Gender gap means retired women ‘have four months a year with no pension’

Retired women in the UK in effect go four months of the year without a pension when their income is compared with that of men, union leaders have warned. The TUC said the income gap between men and women in retirement was 36.5%, equivalent to a shortfall of £7,600 a year on average. As a percentage this was more than double the gender pay gap, which measures the difference in average earnings from work; it stands at 13.1%. The union organisation said this meant...

August 21, 2025
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April 2025
04Apr

Postponing Retirement Under Age Discrimination and Grandparenting

By Leqing Huang To tackle the population aging and improve the sustainability of the pension system, the Chinese government proposes to postpone the statutory retirement age gradually. However, when implementing this policy in China, age discrimination in the job market and grandchild care culture are two potential concerns. Therefore, this paper builds a multi-period OLG model with these two crucial factors to provide a quantitative evaluation of the potential policy impacts on population growth, labor supply, and pension funds. The...

April 4, 2025
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03Apr

Women, self-employed most vulnerable to pension shortfalls: Eiopa

Europe’s pension system is becoming increasingly unsustainable, Eiopa chair Petra Hielkema warned. She highlighted that women, self-employed workers and people with limited financial literacy are the most vulnerable, stressing the need for structural reforms to ensure long-term retirement security. The European Union's pension system is “no longer sustainable” in its current form and must undergo urgent reform to prevent millions of retirees from falling into poverty, Petra Hielkema, chairperson of the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (Eiopa), stated in...

April 3, 2025
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March 2025
24Mar

Nigeria. Companies Must Promote Policies that Support Gender Equality to Sustain Growth

Associate Director, Access ARM Pensions, Adaora Ude speaks on gender equality, advising on the structures companies should put in place to maximise female potential for growth sustenance. She also speaks on the pension industry and how her firm is prioritising customer-centric solutions that help contributors plan for a secure and comfortable retirement. Nume Ekeghe brings the excerpts. As a senior executive in a traditionally male-dominated space, what challenges have you faced, and how have you navigated them? One of the biggest...

March 24, 2025
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21Mar

Minimum Wage Policy and the Gender Wage Gap

By Hang Anh Nguyen, Martin O'Brien & Alfredo Paloyo Minimum wage policies have become a nearly universal feature of modern labour markets, with over 90% of countries implementing statutory wage floors since 2012 (Del Carpio & Pabon, 2014). Yet, despite their widespread adoption, the economic effects of minimum wages remain highly contested. Advocates argue that they boost earnings for lowwage workers, reduce income inequality, and mitigate poverty, while critics contend that they suppress productivity, distort wage structures, and incentivise firms...

March 21, 2025
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