May 2026

Studying the Psychological and Financial Aspects of Retirement Planning

By Sneha Mishra, Manyata Dua, Harji singh Malhotra & Dhawal Agrawal Social and economic changes associated with retirement influence the lives of both individuals and families. The authors conduct research to study retirement planning obstacles by evaluating how financial literacy combines with psychological aspects together with population-based  variables. A critical challenge emerges from the retirement consumption problem which causes  household spending to decline when the main breadwinner exits the workforce. Financial  preparedness for retirement is examined through the research of...

April 2026

Opt-in or Opt-out? The Power of Defaults in Pension Enrollment Choices

By Tabea Bucher-Koenen, Luisa Wallossek & Joachim Winter Default settings strongly increase pension enrollment, especially when savings incentives are high and choices are complex. We show that the effect is weaker when incentives are low, options are simple, and opting out is easy. We study the nationwide introduction of auto-enrollment for lowincome employees in Germany's public pay-as-you-go pension system. We find that automatic enrollment raises participation by 23 percentage points, though most individuals actively opt out. Linking administrative and survey data...

Opt-in or Opt-out? The Power of Defaults in Pension Enrollment Choices

By Tabea Bucher-Koenen, Luisa Wallossek & Joachim K. Winter Default settings strongly increase pension enrollment, especially when savings incentives are high and choices are complex. We show that the effect is weaker when incentives are low, options are simple, and opting out is easy. We study the nationwide introduction of auto-enrollment for low-income employees in Germany's public pay-as-you-go pension system. We find that automatic enrollment raises participation by 23 percentage points, though most individuals actively opt out. Linking administrative and...

February 2026

UK. Research finds gap between pension holders’ investment beliefs and knowledge

Pension holders believe it is important to know where their pension is invested but few actually know what their money is funding, research from Nest Pensions has shown. The workplace pension scheme found that 83 per cent of UK pension savers thought it was important to understand where they were invested, but just 24 per cent actually knew. Nest stated that this gap mattered as people missed the fact their pension was “one of the most powerful” financial tools they have...

Multidisciplinary Pathways to Retirement Financial Literacy: An Experimental Comparison of Gamified and Infographic Interventions

By Chrizaan Grobbelaar & Liezel Alsemgeest Due to population ageing and a decline in the working-age population, retirees can no longer rely on government support in retirement, making financial literacy even more important for society to plan for retirement. The current low financial literacy levels globally are evident in the vast number of retirees retiring unprepared. Educating a society on the basics of financial literacy is not enough for them to make sense of pension rules, tax implications, or make...

November 2025

Household financial literacy and retirement planning in rural China

By Yuting Qian, Weiqiang Tan & Jingbo Wu Amid the prevailing importance of discussing rural villagers' retirement in China, this study analyzes the relationship between the financial literacy of rural residents and their plans for retirement. Using in-depth survey data from the Greater Bay Area, this work examines the region's demographic structures and presents the different levels of rural residents' financial literacy. The findings are robust and indicate a positive correlation between financial literacy and retirement planning. The examination also reveals the moderating...

August 2025

Financial Literacy and Educator Behaviour: Insights from a Local Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

By Anrusha Bhana & Nkosinathi Princ Jali There is a substantial lack of financial literacy among educators, especially in emerging economies, which can influence personal and professional financial behavior. This study assessed whether financial literacy challenges influence high school educators' financial decision-making and behavior. An empirical study employing quantitative methodology assessed the lifestyle spending among high school educators and identified specific areas of financial literacy challenges and limitations. Data was collected randomly from a sample size of 246 out of...

US. The Silver Tsunami: Navigating Retirement Risk in a Declining Financial Literacy Landscape

As the global population ages, a quiet crisis is unfolding: financial literacy rates among older adults have plummeted to below 60%, a stark drop from 69.5% in 2020. This decline, driven by cognitive aging, digital disengagement, and inadequate educational resources, is creating a perfect storm for retirement planning. With 78% of retirees underestimating their life expectancy and $28 billion in U.S. scam losses reported in 2023 alone, the stakes for long-term financial resilience have never been higher. The erosion of...

April 2025

Aviva study reveals critical knowledge gap about UK pensions

New research from Aviva reveals a concerning gap between perceived and actual knowledge around pensions in the UK, reinforcing the need for greater financial literacy and support. Addressing these areas will help bridge the knowledge gap and ensure that more people are prepared for a financially secure retirement. The survey of more than 2000 UK adults uncovered widespread confusion about the basics of pension planning. While more than half (53%) claim to be knowledgeable about pensions, only a third can...

January 2025

Retirees Relocate for Income Tax Exemptions

By Linda Gorman In 2013, the Portuguese government offered foreign retirees relocating to Portugal a 10-year tax exemption on their foreign-source pension income, provided their country of origin had a tax treaty with Portugal. As the number of immigrant retirees grew, the amount of forgone income taxes grew, reaching €1.5 billion, or about 0.6 percent of GDP, by 2021. In that year, the tax exemption was replaced by a 10 percent rate. In 2024, the exemption was repealed. Source National Bureau...