April 2019

29Apr

Understanding Job Transitions and Retirement Expectations Using Stated Preferences for Job Characteristics

By Nicole Maestas (Harvard Medical School - Department of Health Care Policy), Kathleen J. Mullen (RAND Corporation), David Powell (RAND Corporation), Till Von Wachter (University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) - Department of Economics), Jeffrey B. Wenger (RAND Corporation; American University - School of Public Affairs) As the population ages in the United States and other countries, encouraging older individuals to work would help counter increasing dependency ratios and improve national economic outcomes. Extending working lives is likely not simply...

April 29, 2019
Aging, Articles, Labor Market,
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29Apr

Financial Inclusion in the Europe and Central Asia Region: Recent Trends and a Research Agenda

By Asli Demirguc-Kunt (World Bank), Bingjie Hu (World Bank), Leora Klapper (World Bank) Financial inclusion can help promote development. Inclusive financial systems allow people to invest in their education and health, save for retirement, capitalize on business opportunities, and confront shocks. In the Europe and Central Asia region, there is great variation in financial inclusion. In the euro area, most adults already own an account. Account ownership -- which is the first step of entry into the formal financial system...

April 29, 2019
Articles, System Sustainability, , ,
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29Apr

Social Security Coverage Around the World: The Case of China and Mexico

By Francisco Perez‐Arce (Åbo Akademi University - Economics & Statistics), María Prados (University of Southern California), Erik Meijer (University of Southern California; RAND Corporation), Jinkook Lee (University of Southern California - Center for Economic & Social Research; Program on Global Aging, Health & Policy, Center for Economic & Social Research; RAND Corporation) We describe the current state and recent trends in the landscape of social security programs in China, Mexico, and India. A common thread across these countries is the...

April 29, 2019
Adequacy, Articles, Slider-Left, Sustainability, , , ,
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22Apr

Fair Pensions

By Ilja Boelaars (University of Chicago) & Dirk Broeders (De Nederlandsche Bank; Maastricht University) This paper examines the allocation of market risk in a general class of collective pension arrangements: Collective Defined Contribution (CDC) schemes. In a CDC scheme participants collectively share funding risk through benefit level adjustments. There is a concern that, if not well designed, CDC schemes are unfair and will lead to an unintended redistribution of wealth between participants and, in particular, between generations. We define a...

April 22, 2019
Articles, Pension design, Slider-Left, , ,
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22Apr

An Economic Analysis of Intra-governmental Account Transfers: Social Security and Public Infrastructure in Japan

By Yoshimi Adachi (Konan University - Department of Economics) & Tomoki Kitamura (Tohoku Gakuin University; NLI Research Institute, Finance Research Group) In the context of limited local government resources, it is often targeted to secure financial resources for social security expenditures for the aging society and upkeep expenditures against the aging of public infrastructure facilities. This paper examines whether transfers from general accounts to special accounts and public enterprise accounts have a significant impact on the financial burden of local...

April 22, 2019
Aging, Articles, Pension design, ,
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22Apr

The Effect of Pension Subsidies on the Retirement Timing of Older Women: Evidence from a Kink Design in Germany

By Han Ye (University of Mannheim; IZA) I estimate the effect of additional pension benefits on women’s retirement decisions by examining a German pension subsidy program for low-pay workers. The subsidies have a kinked relationship with the recipients’ past contributions, creating a sharply different slope of benefits for similar women on either side of the kink point. I find that a 100 euro increase in the monthly benefit induces female recipients to claim their pensions eight months earlier. A back-of-the-envelope...

April 22, 2019
Aging, Articles, Pension design, ,
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15Apr

Political Parties Do Matter In U.S. Cities… For Their Unfunded Pensions

By Christian Dippel Using data covering a wide range of municipal public-sector pension plans from 1962– 2014, I establish that unfunded pension benefits grow faster under Democratic-party mayors, using a regression discontinuity design (RDD) focusing on narrow mayoral races. Previous evidence shows that parties do not matter for a range of fiscal outcomes in U.S. cities, and suggests this is because Tiebout sorting imposes fiscal discipline. This paper shows that parties do matter for types of fiscal spending...

April 15, 2019
Articles, Sustainability, ,
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15Apr

Workers’ Employment Rates And Pension Reforms In France: The Role Of Implicit Labor Taxation

By Didier Blanchet, Antoine Bozio, Simon Rabaté, Muriel Roger Over the last fifteen years, France has experienced a reversal of older workers’ labor force participation and employment rates. Changes in health, life expectancy or education levels over the period are trend variables and thus cannot explain this “U-shaped” time profile. Pension reforms and associated changes in monetary incentives to retire are a more plausible explanation. Their impact is measured by the implicit tax rate on working longer,...

April 15, 2019
Articles, Labor Market, Pension design, ,
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15Apr

The Dynamism of the New Economy: Non-Standard Employment and Access to Social Security in EU-28

By Sonja Avlijas (LIEPP - Sciences Po) This paper examines the prevalence of non-standard workers in EU-28, rules for accessing social security, and these workers’ risk of not being able to access it. It focuses on temporary and part-time workers, and the self-employed, and offers a particularly detailed analysis of their access to unemployment benefits. It focuses on eligibility, adequacy (net income replacement rates) and identifies those workers which are at the greatest risk of either not receiving benefits or...

April 15, 2019
Articles, Labor Market, , , ,
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11Apr

Pension burden: More Japanese opt to retire late, extend employment period

Some economists expect the average pension-to-wage ratio to keep deteriorating and worries are growing that Japan's 'pay-as-you-go' pension scheme may be unsustainable Yasuhiro Furuse could have retired two years ago, but he wasn’t entirely happy with his pension income and had to put any such thoughts to bed.It was just as well for Furuse’s employer Orix Corp, a financial services group, which would have struggled to find a replacement, with Japan’s jobless rate at 26-year lows. This win-win arrangement, increasingly common...

April 11, 2019
Aging, Articles, Labor Market,
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