June 2023

ESG in DC Pensions Report

By Emma Simon & John Greenwood In recent years responsible investment strategies and the integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in the investment process have moved from a niche concern to the mainstream. In the last 12 months ESG and responsible investing have shot to the top of the agenda for pension professionals, driven by a combination of regulatory pressure, increased consumer awareness, reputation management concerns and the Covid pandemic. Greater public awareness of the relationship between investments...

‘InDIAs’: Innovative Retirement Security Bonds for India

By Arun Muralidhar A commonly-accepted retirement goal for a healthy pension is for it to sustain the relatively higher standard-of-living of the latter part of one’s working life throughout retirement. A recent innovation implemented by Brazil in January 2023 might provide a solution to the pension challenges faced by India, and, more importantly, satisfy the key goals identified by the Reserve Bank of India in respect of debt management and a stable debt structure as also self- reliance and financial...

Linear Risk Sharing in Intergenerational Pension

By Michail Anthropelos, An Chen, Steven Vanduffel & Morten Wilke  We introduce and analyze a novel collective defined contribution plan (CDC) which guarantees upon retirement at least a target benefit as a lump sum. The guarantee is provided by the remaining working generations under a pre-determined linear intergenerational risk sharing (IRS) rule. Through a simulation-based study, we show that the CDC scheme consistently outperforms the comparable individual DC scheme in terms of risk-adjusted performance. An extensive sensitivity analysis indicates that this...

Optimal Retirement Portfolios with Fixed and Variable Longevity Annuities in Defined Contribution Plans taking Social Security into Account

By Vanya Horneff, Raimond Maurer & Olivia S. Mitchell  This paper examines how two instruments—annuities with lifelong benefits purchased using defined contribution (DC) plan assets, and social security annuities—should be considered jointly to optimize household lifetime wellbeing. Understanding how these interact is of key importance in order to generate efficient retirement portfolios. Additionally, there is likely to be substantial heterogeneity in the demand for longevity annuities across the retiree population, depending on their assets inside and outside tax-qualified retirement plans,...

Los efectos presupuestarios de la reforma de pensiones de 2021-23: ii) Incentivos a la demora de la jubilación y nuevo sistema de cotización de los trabajadores autónomos

Por Ángel de la Fuente  En este informe se analizan las implicaciones financieras para el sistema público de pensiones de los nuevos incentivos para el alargamiento voluntario de las vidas laborales y de la reforma del sistema de cotización de los trabajadores autónomos. Mis estimaciones sugieren que, si ambas reformas funcionan bien, su efecto conjunto podría contribuir significativamente a mitigar el deterioro de las cuentas del sistema público de pensiones a corto y medio plazo, pero no a largo plazo....

Pensiones por jubilación en la ley del seguro social: Primeros cambios paramétricos

Por Quetzalli Atlatenco-Ibarra, María Teresa De la Garza-Carranza & Jorge Armando López-Lemus Mediante el ramo de retiro, cesantía en edad avanzada y vejez, los trabajadores que prestan sus servicios ala iniciativa privada, reciben una pensión por jubilación si cumplen con algunos requisitos de edad y tiempo de aportaciones al sistema de seguridadsocial. En julio de 1997 entró en vigor una modificación estructural a dicho ramo que cambió radicalmente la forma de cálculo y financiamiento de las pensiones por jubilación y...

Sesgos conductuales y su influencia en el ahorro a largo plazo en España

Por Susana de los Ríos Sastre, Laura Lazcano Benito & Lorenzo de Benito Lobo Es un hecho que la población española necesita incrementar el ahorro a largo plazo, más aún si se tiene en cuenta la insostenibilidad del sistema público de pensiones actual. Parece ser que la existencia de ciertos sesgos conductuales, entre otros factores, justifica la dificultad de muchos individuos para ahorrar de forma autónoma para la edad de jubilación. En este artículo se exponen los principales sesgos conductuales...

A review of gender differences in retirement income

By Jennifer Curtin & Yanshu Huang  A research report prepared for the Commission for Financial Capability’s Review of Retirement Income Policy, July 2019. This review seeks to answer the following questions: How wide is the Gender Pension Gap in New Zealand? What is the coverage of KiwiSaver by gender? How does this compare with international trends? Is the Gender Pension Gap reducing (as gender pay gaps are) over time (drawing on both international and NZ data where available)? What accounts...

Understanding issues facing LGBT older adults

By Movement Advancement Project & Sage It is estimated that there are approximately 2.7 million LGBT adults aged 50 and older in the United States, 1.1 million of whom are 65 and older. Understanding Issues Facing LGBT Older Adults provides an overview of their unique needs and experiences so that service providers, advocates, the aging network, and policymakers can consider these factors when serving this population or passing laws that impact older adults and the LGBT community. Read book “here”

Sexual orientation and labor market outcomes

By Nick Drydakis  Currently, being gay or lesbian is illegal in almost 80 countries, meaning that 2.7 billion people live in countries where having a minority sexual orientation is a crime. Additionally, fewer than 20% of countries have adopted employment anti-discrimination laws to protect gay and lesbian employees. On average, Australia, Canada, the US, and the EU have the strongest protection of sexual orientation rights, including workplace anti-discrimination laws and some studies in these countries have examined labor market outcomes...