January 2026
09Jan

When digital platforms enter informal sectors: work formalization and institutional change

By Isam Faik, Michelle Gwee, Felix Ter Chain Tan, Carmen Leong & Fithra Faisal Hastiadi Digital platforms are undermining long-standing formal institutions for the organization of work. However, when they enter informal sectors, they contribute to the opposite effect by increasing the formalization of work activities. In this study, we investigate this hitherto unexamined phenomenon by drawing on a case study of Gojek, one of the largest digital platforms in Southeast Asia. We identify three main mechanisms through which the...

January 9, 2026
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08Jan

The gig economy is not the future of work — it’s a warning

By Quah Boon Huat   This article first appeared in Forum, The Edge Malaysia Weekly on January 5, 2026 - January 11, 2026 Affan Kurniawan, a 21-year-old ride-hailing driver and his family’s breadwinner, should have been invisible to power. On Aug 28 last year, an armoured police vehicle crushed him as it chased protesters. The video of his death seared Indonesia. Affan was not a protester. He was working — delivering food, saving for a home, keeping his family afloat. His killing ripped through Indonesia,...

January 8, 2026
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December 2025
05Dec

Exploring the awareness, preparedness and the state of pension among informal workers in Ghana

By Moses Segbenya, Jennifer Onomah, Raymond Kangmennaang & Esther Grantson The study explored the awareness, preparedness, and the state of pensions among informal workers in Ghana. The interpretive approach and the exploratory research design were used for this study. The snowball and purposive sampling techniques were adopted to select 45 informal workers in Ghana and two management members of a pension scheme in Ghana. Data gathered was transcribed, coded and analysed with the qualitative interpretative analytical framework. The study found that the majority of...

December 5, 2025
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05Dec

Nigeria to extend social protections to 60 million in the informal sector

The minister made this disclosure in Abuja during a two-day national dialogue on expanding social protection to informal workers. He said the Federal Government is taking concrete steps to address decades of exclusion affecting millions of Nigerians who earn a living in markets, farms, workshops, roadside enterprises and other informal settings. “Today, we write a new chapter in our collective journey to give dignity, inclusion, and protection to the over 60 million Nigerians who make up our informal economy,” the minister...

December 5, 2025
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02Dec

India. How Atal Pension Yojana is helping women claim long-term pension security

For millions of women who have spent lifetimes in unpaid labour or informal work, the idea of a guaranteed pension was once unimaginable. Today, they form 48% of all Atal Pension Yojana (APY) subscribers in India, reshaping a scheme designed for the country’s most vulnerable workers, according to a Lok Sabha reply on the scheme dated December 1. Launched by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) in 2015, Atal Pension Yojana is a government-backed pension scheme aimed primarily...

December 2, 2025
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November 2025
13Nov

Precarious, Poorly Paid, and Unprotected: The ILO’s Definition of the Informal Economy

The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines informal employment as work “in small or unregistered businesses and undeclared jobs within registered firms,” under a definition adopted by the 17th International Conference of Labour Statisticians in 2013. While such jobs often provide quick income and greater flexibility, they are usually unstable, poorly paid, and lack basic protections such as health insurance or pensions. The ILO notes that informal employment is not limited to unregistered businesses. It can also occur within formal companies when...

November 13, 2025
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07Nov

Determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned enterprises: a case study of the informal sector

By Faizan Khan Sherwani, Sanaa Zafar Shaikh, Shilpa Behal & Mohd Shuaib Siddiqui The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of financial inclusion among women-owned informal enterprises in India. The study is based on a primary survey of 321 informal enterprises. The data has been collected through a structured questionnaire. A chi-square test has been used to examine the significant association between the characteristics of informal enterprises and their owners and financial inclusion. A logistic regression model...

November 7, 2025
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October 2025
20Oct

Ghana. Gov’t intensifying pension reforms to cover informal sector workers – Minister

Government is intensifying efforts to integrate informal sector workers into voluntary pension schemes as part of broader reforms to secure dignified retirement for all Ghanaians. Dr Abdul-Rashid Hassan Pelpuo, Minister of Labour, Jobs and Employment, said this at the Third Health Sector Occupational Pension Scheme Annual General Meeting in Accra. The meeting was held on the theme: “Strengthening Ghana’s Pension Ecosystem for Development and Retirement Security.” While there are more than 200,000 potential beneficiaries, only about 8,000 have been integrated into the...

October 20, 2025
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13Oct

The Political Economy of Gig Pensions

Since 1991, the limited gains attained by working people in terms of social security, including pensions, have been whittled down by the joint actions of the Indian government and big business. Even government employees and teachers have been forcibly transitioned to the defined contribution-based National Pension System (NPS), where both the employee and the government make monthly contributions toward a retirement corpus whose terminal value is market-linked, from the defined benefit Old Pension Scheme (OPS). A small number of private...

October 13, 2025
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09Oct

The Paradox of Demographic Dividend: Ageing Population and the Gig Economy

As I travel from my office in Dal Gate towards Jawahar Nagar, in Srinagar, a 24-year-old food delivery rider parks his scooter in front of a coaching centre. He has just completed his third order of the morning and is checking his phone for the next one. His father, meanwhile, spent three decades as a government schoolteacher, drawing a steady salary and retiring with a pension that still sustains the family. The contrast could not be sharper: the father’s...

October 9, 2025
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