June 2026
12Jun

What Do Prospective Teachers Retirees’ Fear about Retirement?

By Jaquiline Amani This qualitative study explored prospective teacher retirees’ perceived fears about retirement and identified key drivers of retirement anxiety. Data were collected through focus group discussions with 22 teachers from two regions of Tanzania. The participants were purposively selected from public schools and had ten years or less remaining before reaching voluntary or mandatory retirement age. Thematic analysis revealed that teachers’ fear of retirement was shaped by multiple, interconnected factors, including anticipated social exclusion, income reduction and financial...

June 12, 2026
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12Jun

LGBTQ+ Labor Market Outcomes

By Travis Campbell & Yana Van Der Meulen Rodgers The emerging field of LGBTQ+ economics has convincingly demonstrated that LGBTQ+ individuals face distinct labor market disparities. This chapter provides an overview of their unfavorable labor market outcomes and then focuses on several specific issues for transgender workers. Previous studies show that gender-affirming care can improve mental health, whereas conversion therapy, which denies an individual's gender identity, damages mental health. An unexplored question is whether these mental health effects extend to...

June 12, 2026
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08Jun

Why Hasn’t the Labor Shortage Pushed Up Real Wages?

For a dozen years, the Bank of Japan, the government, and stockbrokers have all been promising that a labor shortage in Japan will soon push up wages. And that faith is behind the BOJ’s decision that it’s time to normalize interest rates. Here’s the argument. Due to the declining working-age population, companies in 2014 offered 1.2 jobs for every job seeker. By 2019, the ratio had climbed to 1.6 and is now 1.2. So, it is argued: when demand...

June 8, 2026
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May 2026
29May

Old and new welfare states retaining older workers in the face of crisis: the case of COVID-19 in Europe

By Kun Lee The Coronavirus pandemic was a unique crisis in Europe as an unprecedented health and labour market shock barely disrupted long-term trends towards active ageing. We study the role of social policy responses and pre-existing welfare state institutions in moderating older workers’ early exit following the crisis. Using a cross-nationally harmonized panel survey in Europe, we examine whether variations in national labour market policies and pension institutions explain older workers’ exit outcomes following COVID-19, net of the economic...

May 29, 2026
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29May

Global Pensions at a Glance

The availability of pension fund income to retirees in a country is one indicator of how much people can spend in retirement. Countries dominated by defined contribution plan retirement systems continue to work on how best to convert retirement savings into retirement income and research shows that when people are not confident about income in retirement, spending slows. In a global consumption-based economy, the amount consumers can spend will drive economic activity and demographics will determine how many consumers are...

May 29, 2026
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28May

Kenya’s 18.1 Million Informal Workers Hold The Future Of Pensions

Kenya created over 822,000 new jobs in 2025, according to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Economic Survey 2026 released recently.  At first glance, this signals a resilient economy. But the composition of those jobs tells a more important story that reshape how we think about savings, pensions, and financial security. Over 87% of these jobs were created in the informal sector. Today, 83.8% of Kenya’s workforce, about 18.1 million people, earn their living outside formal employment. This is not...

May 28, 2026
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26May

China now home to more people over 65 than children, official survey finds

For the first time in records dating back to 1949, China is now home to more people aged 65 and above than children, the latest official data showed, underscoring the country’s deepening demographic pressure. By November last year, 15.87 per cent of China’s roughly 1.4 billion-strong population was aged at least 65, compared with 15.25 per cent aged between 0 to 14, according to the results of a nationwide sample survey released late last week. That meant China’s traditional family-based model...

May 26, 2026
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22May

Informality, Gender and Aging. Cumulative Inequalities and Intergenerational Effects

By Haut Comissariat Au Plan Since 2021, His Majesty King Mohammed VI’s High Guidance on social development has driven a structural project to extend social protection, focusing on the expansion of mandatory health coverage, the gradual integration of self-employed workers into pension schemes, and the introduction of universal family allowances. The New Development Model sets out this vision by establishing objectives in terms of decent employment, the economic inclusion of women, and intergenerational sustainability. The analysis presented in this report examines, in...

May 22, 2026
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22May

Low female employment and informality threaten Morocco’s social protection goals

Morocco’s low female labor participation, widespread informal employment, and rapidly aging population are putting growing pressure on the sustainability of pensions and social protection systems, according to a new HCP report. The study argues that extending social coverage alone will not be enough without deeper reforms aimed at expanding formal employment and increasing women’s participation in the economy. Low female participation in the labor market, the persistence of informal employment, and rapid demographic aging are putting increasing pressure on Morocco’s...

May 22, 2026
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20May

South Africa. Pay is up. So why are workers raiding pensions?

The average salary increase this year was 5.43% – comfortably above inflation. Yet those same workers are tapping pensions to buy groceries and walking out of jobs at the fastest rate since Covid. he numbers, on paper, say South African workers are doing fine. The reality says something else. The average salary increase this year was 5.43%, according to the April 2026 Remchannel Bi-Annual Salary and Wage Movements Survey. That compares with 2025’s average inflation of 3.2%. By that arithmetic, most...

May 20, 2026
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